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1. Map and compass

While one of the two is useful, together, and with the right knowledge, these two tools can be indispensable.

2. Extra clothing

Mountain weather is frighteningly fast-moving or unpredictable. Predictably, so. Having extra layers is a must.

3. Extra food and water

If you are delayed, for any reason, hunger and thirst will become a problem. At least bring a filter or stove.

4. Headlamp (with spare batteries)

Better still, add a second headlamp to your kit. If hiking solo, you’ll need it for a battery change.

5. First aid kit

Not one of those tiny kits, either. Something well-suited for trauma is best.

6. Whistle, noise maker

This should be accessible while you’re hiking. If you fall and no one sees you, your whistle could save your life.

7. Knife/multitool

Stuff breaks, needs arise, having some modern tools to deal with these things is… well, essential.

8. Lighter, metal match, firestarter

If one has to stop because of an injury, building a fire should be on the to-do list according to the NH Fish and Game.

9. Cord or rope

For down-climbing, building a shelter, improvising a litter, mending a break, and so much more.

10. Rain pants/jacket (or a poncho)

Staying dry is extremely important. Proper rain gear will help. Also protect the contents of your pack.

11. Tarp or bivvy

To create shelter, a simple tarp can such a useful thing to have. Also works as a hypo-wrap for hypothermia victims.

12. Foam sleeping pad

Possibly the most important bit of safety gear. Getting a patient off the ground is critical. A pad offers a solution.

13. Varied protection (changed in 2020)

Sunscreen, bug repellent, dog deterrent, frostbite protection, even climbing gear. You define this for yourself.